Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to traumatic events that occur during childhood, such as abuse, neglect, household dysfunction, or exposure to violence. Research in the field of ACEs explores the long-term impact of these experiences on physical and mental health outcomes, as well as social and behavioral outcomes. These experiences have been shown to increase the risk of a wide range of health problems, including mental health disorders, substance abuse, and chronic diseases. Understanding and addressing ACEs is important for promoting healthy development and preventing negative outcomes in individuals who have experienced trauma during childhood.